在进行WPF界面设计时，我们需要在很多地方设置颜色属性，比如元素的背景色、前景色以及边框的颜色，还有形状的内部填充和笔画，这些颜色的设置在WPF中都以画刷（Brush）的形式实现。比如最常用的画刷就是SolidColorBrush，它表示一种纯色。

画刷被定义成一个抽象类，如下所示。

public abstract class Brush : Animatable, IFormattable, IResource
{
    public static readonly DependencyProperty OpacityProperty;
    public static readonly DependencyProperty TransformProperty;
    public static readonly DependencyProperty RelativeTransformProperty;

    protected Brush();

    public double Opacity { get; set; }
    public Transform Transform { get; set; }
    public Transform RelativeTransform { get; set; }

    public Brush Clone();
    public Brush CloneCurrentValue();
    public override string ToString();
    public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider);

}

Brush继承于Animatable基类和Freezable基类，说明它支持更改通知。如果改变了画刷，任何使用该画刷的控件的颜色都会自动重绘。

Opacity 属性表示它支持部分透明。

Brush一共有7个子类，下表中列出了它们的信息。

关于Brush基类和子类的继承关系，参考下图所示。

另外，WPF还定义了一些默认画刷，这些画刷都被定义在Brushes类中。如下所示

public sealed class Brushes
{
    public static SolidColorBrush AliceBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PaleGoldenrod { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Orchid { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush OrangeRed { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Orange { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush OliveDrab { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Olive { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush OldLace { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Navy { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush NavajoWhite { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Moccasin { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MistyRose { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MintCream { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MidnightBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumVioletRed { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumTurquoise { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumSpringGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumSlateBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightSkyBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightSlateGray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightSteelBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightYellow { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Lime { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LimeGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PaleGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Linen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Maroon { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumAquamarine { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumOrchid { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumPurple { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush MediumSeaGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Magenta { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PaleTurquoise { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PaleVioletRed { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PapayaWhip { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SlateGray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Snow { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SpringGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SteelBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Tan { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Teal { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SlateBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Thistle { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Transparent { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Turquoise { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Violet { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Wheat { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush White { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush WhiteSmoke { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Tomato { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightSeaGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SkyBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Sienna { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PeachPuff { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Peru { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Pink { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Plum { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush PowderBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Purple { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Silver { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Red { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush RoyalBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SaddleBrown { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Salmon { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SandyBrown { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SeaGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush SeaShell { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush RosyBrown { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Yellow { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightSalmon { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkRed { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkOrchid { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkOrange { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkOliveGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkMagenta { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkKhaki { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkGray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkGoldenrod { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkCyan { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Cyan { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Crimson { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Cornsilk { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush CornflowerBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Coral { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Chocolate { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush AntiqueWhite { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Aqua { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Aquamarine { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Azure { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Beige { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Bisque { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkSalmon { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Black { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Blue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush BlueViolet { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Brown { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush BurlyWood { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush CadetBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Chartreuse { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush BlanchedAlmond { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkSeaGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkSlateBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkSlateGray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush HotPink { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush IndianRed { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Indigo { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Ivory { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Khaki { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Lavender { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Honeydew { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LavenderBlush { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LemonChiffon { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightCoral { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightCyan { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightGoldenrodYellow { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightGray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LawnGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush LightPink { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush GreenYellow { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Gray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkTurquoise { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DarkViolet { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DeepPink { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DeepSkyBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DimGray { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush DodgerBlue { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Green { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Firebrick { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush ForestGreen { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Fuchsia { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Gainsboro { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush GhostWhite { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Gold { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush Goldenrod { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush FloralWhite { get; }
    public static SolidColorBrush YellowGreen { get; }

}

这些画刷都位于System.Windows.Media。

从下一节开始，我们就逐一讲解这些画刷的使用。

——重庆教主 2023年11月3日